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News about neutrinos,
22.11.2013
countdown4us.com The spiritual world creates the material world – energy creates matter.
Today there were again indications that energy is not produced by some material things, but that it is the other way round, that energy produces material things. But our scientists have trouble with accepting this.
Energy is something supernatural, something what we cannot perceive with our senses. We perceive energy indirectly, perhaps an electric shock, or measure energy with a piece of apparatus.
Energy comes out of the spiritual world or the spiritual side of life. Everything is based on it. One can also call it consciousness or love. It is the fundamental stuff out of which all spiritual and material things consist.
Here a webpage to this subject energy and electromagnetic radiation, Waves, in which reference is made particularly to the fact that so-called visible light is not visible, but something supernatural.
The last two entries which dealt with neutrinos were:
2013 May 21 – Where do neutrinos come from? and
2013 Oct 30 – Dark matter stays hidden as detector fails to see a single particle
Here now extracts from today’s news about neutrinos:
Scientists at the South Pole have detected a collection of neutrinos from outer space
The experts believe that their 28 intergalactic subatomic particles, which were embedded within a cubic kilometre of polar ice, originated from outside the Solar System, and likely from outside our galaxy, the Milky Way.
The equipment is able to differentiate between neutrinos from outside the Solar System with those that may have originated from the Sun or the Earth's own atmosphere, which could reveal more about astrophysical phenomena billions of light-years from our home world.
"Neutrino observations are a unique probe of the universe’s highest-energy phenomena: Neutrinos are able to escape from dense astrophysical environments that photons cannot and are unambiguous tracers of cosmic ray acceleration."
"As protons and nuclei are accelerated, they interact with gas and background light near the source to produce subatomic particles such as charged pions and kaons, which then decay, emitting neutrinos. We report on results of an all-sky search for these neutrinos at energies above 30 TeV in the cubic kilometer antarctic IceCube observatory between May 2010 and May 2012."
Extremely high energy particles originated from outside the Solar System.
The downside is that we don't yet have the ability to work backward to figure out the direction that the neutrinos originated from. We can give a rough area of the sky, but it's not good enough to direct observatories to image the source. At least within the IceCube detector, there was also no apparent pattern in time, indicating that it wasn't able to pick up any burst events. Although we're pretty sure these came from outside our Solar System, we can't currently say much about what produced them.
Tiny space particles slamming deep into the South Pole ice could give astronomers a new way of studying the universe, while solving a century-old mystery about the origin of cosmic rays.
Neutrinos - microscopic, uncharged subatomic particles - travel in a straight line and are thought to be produced by the same processes that generate cosmic rays.
Low-energy neutrinos are routinely produced by the sun and cosmic particles smashing into the earth’s atmosphere. But about half of the 28 neutrinos detected at IceCube are thought to have come from further away - marking only the second time deep space neutrinos have been recorded.
"If we can reconstruct the direction of a neutrino with our detectors, it should point back in the sky to where it was made, and help us figure out where cosmic rays are made."
Cosmic rays pose no threat to earth despite being "the highest energy things we know of - things like gamma ray bursts (which) emit more energy in ten seconds than the sun does in an entire year.
"We don’t know where they come from. It would be great to figure that out, to understand the universe better."
IceCube, which was completed just two years ago, had generated "a new way of doing astronomy". Until now astronomers had "basically just been using light" in various forms such as infrared, ultra-violet, radio and microwaves.
"Now we have neutrino astronomy, born this year. It really opens up a new window on the universe."
With the current level of statistics, we did not observe significant clustering of these events in time or space, preventing the identification of their sources at this time.
Although not compatible with an atmospheric explanation, the data do match expectations for an origin in unidentified high-energy galactic or extragalactic neutrino accelerators.
"For the first time ever we now have evidence for a flux of high-energy neutrinos from outside the solar system."
"This is the most important particle physics project in the world. As we collect more data over the next 10 years, we may be able to figure out the source of the energy."
Origin of cosmic rays a mystery
Neutrinos are a byproduct of cosmic rays, which contain high-energy matter and are of mysterious origin. Astrophysicists think these rays may come from exploding stars in other galaxies, but acknowledge that there could be other, unknown sources of the energy out there.
"Up to now we have been unable to pinpoint the sources of our high-energy neutrinos. To do that we need to improve our angular resolution -- and collect considerably more high energy events."
The team will build, in essence, a map of grids in the sky from the Earth’s point of view, which will pinpoint the origins of these deep-space travelers.
"We have many questions to answer about neutrinos. Do they cluster? Do they come from all over the universe? "
"The first indications are that they come from all over."
Hour of birth of neutrino astronomy
A spatial or chronological clustering of the 28 events, which would point to a certain cosmic source, the IceCube researchers could not yet establish. For this the number is still too small. With increasing proving numbers the scientists hope to be able to identify individual sources of the energy rich neutrinos in cosmos.
That the racing particles come from space, that the researchers do not doubt. But with which star explosions they have been born or how they otherwise have come into being, that the up to now discovered bundles of energy do not show. To clear that the physicists would have to prove more of them. They carry on working on this – with their gigantic ice cube at the South Pole.
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